The complete patient guide
Understanding Ketamine Treatment
How ketamine works, what treatment feels like, who it may help, and how to find a trusted provider in Tennessee.
Hours–days
Typical onset of relief*
1970
FDA-approved as an anesthetic
2019
Esketamine approved for depression
40–60 min
Typical infusion length
The basics
What Is Ketamine?
Ketamine was developed in 1962 and approved by the FDA in 1970 as an anesthetic. It's on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines and has been used safely in hospitals for decades.
In the early 2000s, researchers found that much lower doses — far below anesthetic levels — could rapidly ease symptoms of depression, often in people who hadn't improved with other treatments. Today it's offered by specialized clinics across Tennessee.
The science, simply explained
How Ketamine Works in the Brain
Blocks NMDA receptors
Ketamine gently blocks NMDA receptors on certain brain cells.
Glutamate surge
This triggers a burst of glutamate, the brain's main “go” messenger.
New connections
Glutamate activates growth signals (BDNF) that help form new synapses.
Fresh patterns
Restored connections may help break stuck patterns of mood and pain.
Typical time to noticeable relief
*Responses vary. Not everyone responds, and results are not guaranteed.
Options your provider may discuss
Types of Ketamine Treatment
IV Infusion
Delivered through a small IV over about 40–60 minutes. Most precise dosing, closely monitored.
Spravato® Nasal Spray
FDA-approved esketamine for treatment-resistant depression, used in a certified clinic.
Intramuscular (IM)
A shot in the arm or shoulder. Shorter sessions, often paired with therapy.
Ketamine-Assisted Therapy
Ketamine combined with guided psychotherapy to help process emotions and insights.
Sublingual (Under the Tongue)
Tablets or troches that dissolve under the tongue. Often used between in-clinic sessions or as a lower-cost option under a provider's care.
At-Home Programs
Prescribed oral or sublingual ketamine with telehealth check-ins. Oversight varies widely, so ask about screening and monitoring.
Step by step
Your Treatment Journey
- 1
Free consultation
Share your history and goals. We connect you with a local provider.
- 2
Medical evaluation
A clinician reviews your health, medications and whether ketamine is a good fit.
- 3
Initial series
Often 6 sessions over 2–3 weeks. You relax in a quiet room while vitals are monitored.
- 4
During a session
Many people feel floaty, dreamy or detached. Effects fade within an hour or two.
- 5
Recovery & ride home
You'll rest briefly after, and need someone to drive you home.
- 6
Maintenance
Some people benefit from occasional booster sessions, guided by their provider.
Who it may help
Conditions Ketamine May Help
Depression
Including treatment-resistant depression and suicidal thoughts.
Learn moreAnxiety
Generalized and social anxiety that hasn't responded to other care.
Learn morePTSD
May ease intrusive memories, hypervigilance and avoidance.
Learn moreOCD
Early research shows rapid reduction in obsessive symptoms.
Learn moreChronic Pain
Used for CRPS, fibromyalgia, neuropathy and migraines.
Learn moreLatest Research
Explore peer-reviewed studies by condition.
Learn moreMay be a good fit if you…
- Have tried two or more medications without enough relief
- Need faster symptom relief
- Struggle with side effects from other treatments
- Live with chronic pain conditions
- Are 18+ and medically evaluated
Safety & side effects
In supervised clinical settings, ketamine is generally well tolerated. Common, short-lived effects include:
May not be suitable for people with uncontrolled high blood pressure, certain heart conditions, active psychosis, or pregnancy. Your provider will screen you.
Ketamine facts
Common Questions
Is ketamine treatment covered by insurance?
IV ketamine for mental health is usually not covered, though some plans cover Spravato. Many clinics offer payment plans — ask during your consultation.
How much does it cost?
Costs vary by clinic and treatment type. In Tennessee, IV infusions commonly range from a few hundred dollars per session.
Is ketamine addictive?
At the low, infrequent doses used in supervised clinics, the risk is considered low. Providers screen for substance use history.
Will I be unconscious?
No. Treatment doses are far below anesthetic levels. You stay awake, though you may feel relaxed or detached.
How soon will I feel better?
Some people notice changes within hours or after a few sessions. Others don't respond. Your provider will track your progress.
More answers on our FAQ page. This guide is educational and not medical advice.
Take the Next Step
Request More Information About Ketamine Treatment
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